Industri- och materialvetenskap (IMS) // Industrial and Materials Science (IMS)

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Effects of Heat Treatment on Residual Stresses in Additive Manufacturing
Kristensen, Rasmus; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Hryha , Eduard; Karslsson , Henrik; Alkaisee, Rasha
Metal additive manufacturing (AM) is constantly developing and expanding into new segments. The automotive industry has so far not implemented AM to any larger extent. One reason is the relatively high cost of AM-components, but mainly due to the materials that are available is not used to a larger extent within the automotive sector e.g. titanium and stainless steel. Powder Bed Fusion–Laser Beam (PBF– LB), the most developed metal AM-method had, until recently, a limited range of materials available. However, recently several low-alloyed carbon-containing steels, that are commonly used in vehicles and machined components have been developed. One issue with increased carbon content is that the material has shown to be difficult to manufacture with PBF–LB. Moreover, heat treatment and its influence on residual stresses, microstructure and hardness are not yet known. This thesis focuses on the residual stresses and how they are affected by the heat treatment on samples printed in a low alloy medium carbon steel, 42CrMo4 (AISI 4140). The heat treatments applied in this thesis were not intended to be optimised for 42CrMo4, but rather investigate a more industrial approach using relatively standard heat treatment cycles. After analysing the different heat treated samples it was found that in a regular quench and temper cycle, the parts achieved similar hardness as conventionally manufactured 42CrMo4 using the same heat treatment. Samples exposed to a direct temper cycle, hence just tempered as-printed, showed promising results in terms of residual stresses. This knowledge may serve as a basis to further research and development of heat treatment cycles to better utilise 42CrMo4 steels in the automotive sector
Design and development of robust removable attachment system to fasten handheld objects
Bhardwaj, Aarush; Jhaveri, Pranjal; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Malmqvist, Johan; Malmqvist, Johan
Solceller som byggnadstak
Alveheim, Hannes; Johansen, Linnéa; Karlsson, Evelina; Lewerth , Carl; Sleibi, Lynne; Ström, Gustaf; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Almefelt, Lars
This report explores the potential and implementation of integrated solar cell solutions in roofing, with a specific focus on Swedish villas. Against the backdrop of growing interest in renewable energy and with aesthetic considerations, this study aims to develop solar roof concepts that are not only functional but also visually appealing. The main goal of the concepts was to enhance the aesthetic and functional aspects of solar roofs compared to traditional solar panel roofing solutions. The main goals of the project are to study the possibilities of solar cell integrated roofs and translate them into concepts and then evaluate them according to the interests of the identified stakeholders. The ultimate goal is to then compare the proposed concepts with the solution of today. The development process consisted of identifying stakeholders and their needs, generating concepts through brainstorming and later processing them through evaluation and elimination based on several criteria. The derived concepts were part of three seperate categories; integrated roof cladding, environmentally adaptive solar modules and solely solar cell solutions. The results indicate that integrated solar solutions can offer significant advantages, such as increased energy efficiency and improved visuals on the building. With promising new technologies such as thin-film solar cells, the possibilities that the future may provide prove to be exciting. The report also highlights the importance of further research and development in the field, especially regarding system integration, to further improve the performance, durability, lifespan and aesthetics of solar roofs. Future studies should focus on further developing concepts and installation techniques as well as exploring new materials that can enhance the durability and reduce the environmental impact of solar roofs
Improvement of Final Demand Data Flow at Polestar, Refining Final Demand Management in the Geometry Assurance Process
Eken, Gizem; Hamza, Medina; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Wärmefjord, Kristina; Stenlund, Andreas
Geometric variations in components, despite modern manufacturing precision, can detract significantly from a vehicle’s functionality and perceived quality. Geometry assurance is crucial for managing these variations by ensuring robustness and high product quality through assigning favorable tolerances. Moreover, efficient data management plays a significant role in geometry assurance, facilitating the necessary exchange of information across various stages of the product realization loop. This thesis focuses on optimizing the data flow and management of final demand data within the geometry assurance process at Polestar, a Swedish automotive company specializing in the production of electric vehicles. This master’s thesis aimed at mapping the current geometry assurance process at Polestar, and by identifying and mitigating inefficiencies, propose improvements for enhancing data quality and process performance. The scope of the study is limited to the geometry assurance process, focusing specifically on the transformation and management of final demand data throughout the distinct phases of the process. Through a literature study, interviews, a pilot study and the mapping of process activities, the current process was studied in detail. The findings reveal significant inefficiencies in the current data flow and process approach. Data flow challenges were predominantly associated with compromised data integrity, as a result of the manual steps involved in data transformation and the propagation of errors due to lack of integration between software tools. Further, the mapping of the current process outlined an approach that often lacks clarity and a solid ground. The proposed enhancements include the implementation of an API that enables automated data transfer, formatting and storing, eliminating errors associated with manual data exchange across departments and stages. It facilitates communication across three different software programs utilized in different phases of the geometry assurance process, ensuring that the demand data is linked. Through this, data flow efficiency is significantly enhanced and data quality is improved. Further, suggestions intended to optimize the overall performance of the process include implementing standardized work routines and optimizing time management practices. The suggested improvements not only address immediate inefficiencies but also lay a foundation for continuous improvement in data management practices within the company.
Liveinformation om lediga grupprum
Bjerhem Aronsson, Felix; Cronvall, Oscar; Enström, Albin; Johannesson , Moa; Karlsson, Tim; Åkerfeldt, Lukas; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Almefelt, Lars; Hulthén, Erik
This report discusses the work on creating a system for counting people in individual study rooms at Chalmers University of Technology, and how to present the results effectively. Being able to easily see which study rooms are available is something Chalmers students consider important, and the university wants to derive insights based on the use of study rooms on its premises. The project utilized a pre-constructed mmWave sensor for counting, which was communicating with a gateway that in turn is connected to a server. Data was obtained from the server using an API and finally presented through a website developed by the project group. The work ultimately resulted in a system capable of determining whether there is a person in the room or not, but it has more difficulty accurately counting the number of people in the room within an acceptable margin. The product works well in that it allows users to easily see which study rooms are available or occupied through the website. The resulting data visualizations aimed at the university are presented in various ways through key figures, tables, and graphs in a predefined resolution.
Integrating Discrete Event Simulation with Real Controllers, An Early Phase Approach to Virtual Commissioning in Automotive Manufacturing
Joshi, Abhinav; Rexton Moris, Frederick; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Johansson , Björn; Nyqvist, Per; Albo, Anton; Andersson , Dennis
Virtual commissioning is a continuously growing and developing area in the field of production, it helps companies stay competitive in the ever-growing sector of manufacturing. VC is a way to test logic control using computerized models even before they are commissioned onto the production line. This thesis aims at creating a comprehensive technical setup to test PLC Logic through Discrete Event Simulation (DES). A virtual model created with DES software is used to visualize and monitor the functioning of the PLC Logic. This thesis makes use of literature study and interviews with stakeholders to gather knowledge on the virtual commissioning framework, based on which the technical setup was built. An experimental phase was carried out to get a better understanding of all the tools and how to integrate them. The development phase involves using the knowledge gathered through literature study and the experimental phase to build a virtual model and connect it to a virtual PLC. Post-development, the interconnected setup was tested to check the reliability of the integration. As a result, a completely tested and validated setup was established to test PLC logic programs with virtual models. Conversely, the reusability and repeatability of the virtual model too are greatly increased due to the extended functions such as automated object generation and real-time visualization of the PLC logic.
Designing a Sustainable Island for Electric Boat Charging
Norström Berdenius, Carl; Greisz, Olivia; Parmalm, Albin; Skoglund, Elina; Stake, Märtha; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Almefelt, Lars; Ehnberg, Jimmy; Enelund, Mikael; Wessman, Björn; Lundin, Niklas
The increase of electric boats has highlighted the necessity for marine charging facilities. With numerous marinas lacking the requisite infrastructure to support a significant influx of electric boats, there is a pressing demand for charging solutions. This project featured the iterative process of creating an self-sustainable island that could facilitate the charging needs of electric boats, as well as attract other visitors. This required extensive research of solutions regarding energy, waste and water management, different facilities that could generate profit and costs related to all parts of the island. The project involved a comprehensive concept development process, research over current technology and how it could me implemented. Creative methods were used to generate innovative ideas for the modular island. Through the iterative process, a final concept wad defined to meet the demands of Volvo Penta and electrical boat owners. Utilizing CAD models and 3D printing, the team was able to visualize the final concept, ensuring the design could be implemented. The final island represented a complete off-grid solution for energy supply, water management and waste management, meaning it was independent of external energy sources, water supply and waste management systems
Data-Driven Solutions for Green Production Integrating Resource Efficiency Assessment in Manufacturing Systems
Gonzales, Juan; Nguyen, Thommy; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Despeisse, Melanie; Qi, Fang
In response to sustainable development efforts by the United Nations 2020 Agenda, industries are aiming towards more sustainable production. The European Commission has created the classification system called EU taxonomy, establishing the definition of sustainability and sustainable activities. Consequently, European manufacturers are seeking opportunities to reduce their environmental impact, creating the need to understand how their resources are utilized. Resource efficiency methods enable the assessment of resource usage but require high data quality and availability, making the implementation difficult. One of the main challenges for resource efficiency assessment is data completeness and reliability, especially at a process level, in tandem with a lack of standardized data collection methods resulting in the implementation of RE assessment being difficult. Despite the issues, there are still opportunities and benefits of using already available data in manufacturing systems with proper indicator selection having data characteristics in mind. This project aims to leverage available factory data, select indicators based on available data, and integrate resource efficiency in manufacturing systems to identify opportunities for greener production with a resource efficiency method in line with the EU taxonomy. This project showcases a case study implementing resource efficiency assessment in an automotive plant with an assessment design that includes multiple methods to be aligned with stakeholder priorities and indicates inefficiencies of resource usage. A selection method was devised as the project’s core, designed to be general and adaptable for other cases. However, assessment methods are inherently different and data quality is a critical factor in implementing them, not only stakeholder preferences of the company. The study utilized existing data to assess resource efficiency and proposed automated data handling for future assessments to streamline the process and reduce the execution time.
Robust concept development utilising artificial intelligence and machine learning
Karlsson, Kevin; Alfgården, Hugo; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Isaksson, Ola; Knuts, Sören; Pradas Gomez, Alejandro
The 80-20 rule suggests that design decisions significantly impact downstream effects, such as product cost, with many of these decisions made during concept generation. This early commitment limits the ability to make changes later in development. Early-stage design requires a variety and quantity of concepts, but designers often fixate on existing designs, limiting innovation. In the aerospace industry, the complexity of concept development and evaluation is particularly challenging. Therefore, this study seeks to explore how AI/ML methods can aid designers in the concept development process. This thesis was initiated as a results of a 2023 internship at GKN Aerospace, which involved generating a concept for the sectioning and manufacturing of an existing part. Recognizing the intricacies of these phases, the authors explored the potential of AI/ML methods to enhance robustness in concept generation and evaluation. The aim is to evaluate how GKN Aerospace can effectively integrate AI and ML into their product development workflows. This involves understanding current methodologies and identifying gaps to address before implementation. The focus is on leveraging AI and ML to streamline complex decision-making processes, ultimately providing actionable insights for robust, efficient concept design aligned with the Zero Defect paradigm in aerospace. Additionally, the thesis identifies gaps in the organization that needs to be address before a possible integration, such as data quality and data secrecy. The result, building on extensive interview studies and literature studies is that there is potential in incorporating AI/ML in concept development processes. Although, AI methods such as LLMs, still have limitations, including confidently producing incorrect results, a phenomenon known as hallucinations. The conclusion is that Generative AI, design tools with integrated AI/ML methods, and LLMs still offers opportunities to simplify concept generation. LLMs can assist with ideation, creative reasoning, and cognitive task offloading. Fine-tuned LLMs, trained on internal documentation, provide instant feedback on less complex tasks, helping designers explore a broader design space, mitigate bias, and enhance knowledge, facilitating the development of robust design solutions
Redesigning a hydraulic subsystem for a Volvo hauler, focusing on cost efficiency
Andersson, Magnus; Oldberg, Einar; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Hammersberg, Peter; Hammersberg, Peter
The modern day hauler is a piece of heavy machinery used in moving large payloads within and between worksites. As the payload of the vehicle increases, so does the need for a robust and reliable hydraulic brake system, ensuring the safety of both the drivers and their surroundings. One of the companies working on producing and improving these machines are Volvo Construction Equipment [VCE] , who since 1966 have been in the forefront of engineering in this field. The aim of this thesis is to conduct a concept study for VCE regarding an upcoming design for a hydraulic system and to provide alternatives to reduce the overall price of the system, as well as the quality in regards to performance and leaks. The current design, serving as a reference to the project, includes a lot of complexities and has issues pertaining to the mounting of the system and the cost of production. This is due to several factors, including the narrow areas between components, overlapping parts, as well as the complexities of several valves and blocks. As the current design of the system is known, a reference for the layout and function is included, as well as an understanding of which functions are essential. Using the standards of product development and testing the systems layout and performance, this study explores a few different alternatives to the current concept by VCE and provides recommendations from the group, as well as aspects of the design that can be developed further by the engineers at Volvo. The proposed solutions have been put through a process of matrices and designed in the design program CATIA V5 . In the end of the project a few results were concluded. Firstly a digital construction of the hydraulic system with modifications to the hydraulic distribution, layout and newly constructed blocks. This system is meant to serve as an inspiration for VCE to further develop their system in the future. Secondly two smaller concept studies were evaluated, where an attempt of moving a key component was made, as well as a concept replacing the hydraulic hoses with metal tubing. These concepts were deemed unfit for further development, serving as a concept study as recommendations to not develop further. Lastly a looser concept study was conducted to recommend the further development of an idea of merging several of the components in the design. This was never modeled, but serves as a recommendation to VCE for future research. Based on this investigation there are still factors that can be evaluated for further improvements. Thus, the results and discussion of this thesis may serve as a basis for what concepts that are and aren’t relevant for future research.
Förbättrad operatörsinteraktion i kontrollrum för högre effektivitet, ökad kvalitet och kostnadsbesparingar
Vojinovic, Andreana; Johansson, Henri; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Ylipää, Torbjörn; Hellberg, Jill; Lindahl, Martin
Control rooms for monitoring and steering play a very important role in many industries, yet this area is underappreciated and rarely discussed. It is often an invisible – but incredibly important – part that constitutes the heart of production. Despite their underestimated role, such rooms are of great importance in ensuring the quality and safety of production flows. This makes it important to deepen the knowledge about control rooms. This project has been initiated by Volvo Cars, which manufactures passenger vehicles. Volvo is characterized by safety, quality, innovation, and sustainability. The company produces modern, safe, high quality cars with people at the centre. They believe that working towards enhancing control room operations can increase production efficiency and product quality. The project has been carried out as a mechanical engineering degree project at Chalmers University of Technology. The aim of the project is to contribute greater insight into and deeper understanding of the complex challenges that exist in a control room in order to enable the development of better control room operations in the future. Observations of the control room in the paint factory, interviews with control room operators and benchmarking against control rooms in other factories led to a better understanding of control room problem areas. The thesis presents the results from the methods used, where focus was on identifying, describing and explaining control room design problem areas and capturing insights from control room solutions in other factories. The results reveal that many control rooms experience the same issues to a greater or lesser degree, aspects that are highlighted in this project. The conclusion is that it is entirely possible to design a more modern, efficient and work environment-friendly control room, as long as there is a strong cross-functional collaboration with the end user in focus
Utformning av en elbilsbatterisimulator för en säker och effektiv lärandesituation
Axelsson, Josefin; Lundgren, Joel; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Hammersberg, Peter; Hammersberg, Peter
here is a lack of technicians in the fast-growing electric vehicle market of today. Furthermore, the technician's first interaction with a battery is in a high-voltage environment. In this thesis, a physical product is designed to simulate an electric vehicle battery. This ensures a safe and effective learning environment for training technicians. To uphold this, the product is to achieve the perception of a substantial scenario. By studying technicians performing the scenarios and completing a literature study of the functioning components the requirements were defined for the product and its components. Thereafter key components were identified and selected as well as their arrangements and functions. The simulator is designed to allow the technician to practice their actions on welded contactors, loss of isolation and broken fuses. Demounting of the Manual Service Disconnect (MSD) and battery case are also included as well as a simulation to control the functionality of the battery. Together with the layout of the product, the scenarios are achieved by using specific measurements of voltages and relays, with a specified service procedure for each scenario. The concept divides the functioning of the company-provided electronic solution from the visible battery from the technician. Furthermore, the layout features a framing of the battery, selectively showing the technician the most important components in an arrangement that communicates the continuous modules of the battery. The electric vehicle market is under a fast development which could impact the solutions made through the project. However, the product is modular and could easily upgrade an individual component as well as a larger amount of components to fit the current market need
Smart Factory: Automated Calibration Operations
Karlsson, William; Thulin , Eskil; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Johansson, Björn; Bergenheim, Gunilla; Nilsson Humlehagen, Marcus; Salunkhe, Omkar
Calibration of test systems is a crucial part of radar production to ensure highquality products. The calibration process comprises many repetitive steps performed manually by operators. The process is time-consuming, which impedes the valueadding product testing in the test systems. This thesis investigates the potential for automating manual calibration processes. Furthermore, it aims to analyse the impact this would have on the availability of the test systems and the calibration quality. This was done through a process split into three distinct steps. First, a literature study focusing on collaborative robot technologies. A current state analysis was then performed to examine the current calibration process. Lastly, empirical testing was conducted by programming a collaborative robot to perform manual calibration tasks, mainly focusing on connecting and disconnecting connectors. The findings indicate that the majority of the tasks in the calibration can be performed by a collaborative robot equipped with a laser sensor and custom grippers for manipulating the cables. Some types of connectors are more challenging to handle using automation, suggesting that the process might still require an operator for certain steps, if not redesigned. The anticipated change in availability for a fully automated solution is minimal, as manual calibration will not be conducted frequently enough. An automated solution can improve calibration quality by performing tasks with better precision than operators. Nevertheless, the use of a cobot will result in greater equipment wear. The automation within this type of production environment has proven challenging, but the potential benefits of successful implementation should not be overlooked.
The re-design of an electrical three-wheeler vehicle
Shetty, Ateeth; Doiphode, Vivek; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Lindkvist, Lars; Svensson, Ola
This report presents a master’s thesis project from January 2024 to September 2024. The thesis focuses on developing a new exterior body design for an electric 3-wheeler. OMotion AB is an innovative startup focused on sustainable mobility solutions through electric vehicles (EVs). The company aims to develop a more efficient version of its EVs to capture the growing market demand for environmentally friendly transportation. The primary objective of this project is to create an efficient and aesthetically appealing exterior body design that aligns with the company’s vision and production capabilities. The exterior body design of an electric vehicle plays an important role in reducing drag, improving range, and ensuring user appeal. This project considered several factors such as aerodynamics, manufacturability, structural integrity, and visual appeal. Additionally, the company is a startup with limited capital, so the design process was constrained to minimize changes to the core components, ensuring compatibility within existing manufacturing setups and cost efficiency. The product development process for the new exterior body concept began with market, legal requirements and customer research, both internally and externally. Ideas were generated based on the research findings, followed by iterative concept development using advanced 3D modeling tools such as NX and Alias. The concepts were then refined and evaluated. Aerodynamic simulations were conducted using STAR-CCM+ to assess design efficiency, and high-quality visualizations were produced using VRED to evaluate the aesthetic appeal of the final concepts. Throughout the detailed design phase, legal requirements and manufacturing guidelines were followed to ensure feasibility and alignment with the company’s production capabilities. Despite the challenges of working within specific constraints, the final exterior body concepts developed through this thesis serve as a valuable foundation for future development. Although this project provides a comprehensive design solution for the exterior body of the new electric vehicle, further research and development are required to fully optimize the design for large-scale production. However, the outcomes of this thesis will serve as a critical reference for OMotion’s Research & Development team as they work to bring this innovative vehicle to market
Design a High-Voltage Battery Enclosure System using a new manufacturing method
Nilsson, Charlie; Osorio, Daniel; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Persson, Christer; Persson, Christer
Volvo Cars, a major company in Sweden and Europe, is partnering with Impression Technologies to develop a key part of the battery tray using a new method called Hot Form Quenching. This new method could be used for many parts of the vehicle, helping to reduce weight, improve performance, and move the company closer to its sustainability goals. This master thesis aims to explore the process of transforming a component called footgarage originally developed for High Pressure Die Casting into a sheet metal component and covering several assessment points like function performance, sustainability, part price, investment cost, manufacturing process impacts, time to market, and material base. A comparison between these two concepts will tell if this new process has a future at Volvo Cars.
Using Robots to Collect Data for Machine Vision Tasks
El-Nahass, Karim; Urbanos, Gonzalo; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Johansson, Björn; Wang, Hao
The current final assembly process of automotive wire harnesses into vehicles predominantly relies on manual labor and skill. This reliance leads to safety and ergonomic issues when lifting heavy wire harnesses and applying high-pressure manipulations to components for 8 hours a day. This thesis combines collaborative robotics and artificial intelligence to collect connector data for machine vision tasks in the automotive industry, addressing the problem of insufficient data. The research investigates an approach using a robotic setup for automated data collection. The framework includes data acquisition utilizing a UR5 robot and an Intel RealSense D435 camera; robot-camera communication using a Raspberry Pi 4b as a bridge; and an automatic labeling tool. The collected dataset comprises 8 different connectors commonly used in automotive wire harnesses. The resultant datasets (first the manually annotated dataset and second the automatic annotated dataset) are evaluated using YOLOv8, a deep-learning based object detection model. The evaluation results present a higher accuracy (mAP50 = 93.5%) for the manually annotated dataset compared to the automatic labeling approach (mAP50 = 74.4%) which suggests that there is still room for improvement on the automatic labeling tool used. This accuracy difference is concluded to be due to the inability to control lighting conditions in the workspace in the lab.
A Digital Steering Experience of the Engine in a Boat
Defaire, Lovisa; Stavhagen, Lisa; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Lindkvist, Lars; Davidson, Staffan
This Master thesis presents the development of a digital steering experience for Volvo Penta products in a boat, aiming to enhance the user and customer journey when purchasing or considering a boat equipped with Volvo Penta products. The problem addressed in this thesis is the uncertainty and anxiety boating can cause if users are not fully comfortable with the boat, its equipment functionalities, and its environment. Utilizing Design Thinking methodologies, the focus was on creating an efficient experience with an intuitive interface that meets the needs of both novice and experienced boaters. The methods used to ensure user-friendliness included a questionnaire, qualitative interviews, user observations, feedback sessions, and usability tests to gather insights and validate design decisions. The findings formed the foundation for a customer needs list, leading to the creation of three personas representing these needs. This served as a basis for the development of the digital tool, with prototypes being created and iteratively evaluated through various product development screening methodologies, including Pugh and Kesselring matrices. Additional methodologies employed to examine the market potential were a PESTEL analysis, Segmentation, Target and Position analysis, a Competitor analysis and a Business Model Canvas. The results concluded in the development of a simulator for home use developed in Unity, capable of configuring a boat, practice scenarios, and testing of Volvo Penta products and accessories. The result demonstrated increased interest in the products displayed in the simulator after its use, along with an engaging learning experience of the products. Alongside the simulator development, the market analysis identified multiple areas of market potential for the near future and for future collaborations. In conclusion, the digital steering experience offers a compelling enhancement to the traditional boating and product exploration experience when buying a boat, providing users with an engaging customer journey. Future recommendations include further refining the simulator based on user feedback and exploring additional features to increase functionality.
Effektiv närvarodetektering och närvaroräkning för optimerad lokalanvändning
Asplund, Gustaf; Dahlström, Ella; Eriksson, Oscar; Hakeskog, Lilly; Nordin, Isak; Olsson, Hugo; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Almefelt, Lars; Hulthén, Erik
This project involves creating a system for occupancy measurement and people counting. The system has been tested in group study rooms at Chalmers University of Technology. A customer survey has been conducted among Chalmers students. In the survey, they rated the difficulty of finding group study rooms and what technical solutions they are most comfortable with. In addition, they were asked what medium that they would prefere to receive data regarding availability of group study rooms. The project was carried out iteratively with two different testing periods using different sensors. An occupancy sensor was created containing a PIR sensor HC-SR301 and a radar unit Micradar R60AMP1. Since the Micradar radar unit could only measure up to two people in a room, a second prototype was developed using the same PIR sensor and another radar unit – MinewSemi MS72SF1. During the second testing period, up to 6 people could be counted in a group room using the radar unit but more have not been tested. The occupancy sensors were connected to a Raspberry Pi Pico W microprocessor with custom embedded software. A Raspberry Pi 3A was used to provide the microprocessors with wireless internet, and a housing was created using CAD and 3D printing to mount the sensors in the group rooms. A backend structure for data management and a web application that presents data from the group rooms were also created. The web application thus shows students which group rooms are available or in use, as well as displaying statistics on usage over time. The statistics gathered show that the radar sensors are superior to the PIR-sensor in people counting and occupancy measurement
Responsible design and conscious material selection for a reduced environmental impact of the indoor lighting industry
Haraldosson, Cornelia; Mielcarek, Marcin; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Hammersberg, Peter
In response to the pressing climate crisis challenges facing society, there is a critical need for industries to transition towards a circular economy, encompassing entire production chains. Ateljé Lyktan, a company specializing in innovative lighting solutions, aims to reduce its environmental impact through the selecting of sustainable materials. This thesis investigates potential sustainable materials for indoor lighting products through a comprehensive situation and life cycle analysis of an existing product in ateljé Lyktans’s range, coupled with extensive literature research to identify current market alternatives. The study identified several material options, focusing primarily on biologically based polymers and polymer composites. These alternatives were evaluated using a two-step methodology. The initial screening employed both the chart method and a questionnaire method, while the following ranking process utilized a decision matrix to pinpoint the most promising materials according to this study. The findings highlighted two promising candidates: polylactic acid (PLA) and the composite Biodolomer I. However, neither material fully satisfied all requirements, particularly in terms of durability necessary for the long lifecycle of indoor lighting products. Further investigation into fiber reinforcements, which can enhance the mechanical properties and longevity of bioplastics, revealed flax and hemp as suitable options. Additionally, the fibers OnceMore and FibraQ were recommended for further testing. The study underscores the necessity for developing sufficient end-of-life infrastructure, including new technologies for recycling and composting, to facilitate the large-scale adoption of bioplastics and fiber-reinforced materials. The conclusion calls for ongoing research into sustainable material alternatives and emphasizes the imperative for industries to intensify efforts towards sustainability. This includes the development of robust infrastructure for material recycling and composting, essential for achieving a circular economy
OPTIMERING AV PACKNINGSPROCESSEN, En studie inom e-handeln och vikten av en effektiv packningsprocess
Bäckdahl, Jonatan; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskap; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Science; Johansson, Björn; Örtengren, Roland
The e-commerce market is highly competitive, with companies vying for customers purchasing power. It is therefore crucial for companies to deliver their orders smoothly and quickly, not only from economic standpoint but also with a focus on customer experience and environmental impact. The purpose of this study is to identify possible solutions to optimize the company´s packing process to ensure its continued leadership and competitiveness in the market. This qualitative study was conducted at the company Company through semi-structed interviews with employees who have deep insights into the packing process. The study was complemented by data from the company´s internal systems, observations, measurements of processes, and testing of the process built in a simulation program. The study reveals the current state and functioning of the packing process. Based on the analysis, the author has identified processes and areas that can be optimized. Proposed improvements include a better system for monitoring the packing process, the introduction of multiple size options for boxes, smart automated solutions to maintain a smooth production flow, and reduce lead times. The consequences of the current packing process include uneven production efficiency, varying customer experiences, and unnecessary environmental impact. By implementing the proposed improvements, these consequences can be mitigated, enabling the company to offer its customers a holistic experience that is highly competitive in the market.

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